Introduction Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensors stand at the forefront of label-free biosensing technologies, relying on the excitation of surface plasmons—coherent electron oscillations—at metal-dielectric interfaces. The resonance condition, and hence the sensor’s response, is acutely sensitive to changes in the local refractive index, making SPR particularly valuable in the detection of biomolecules, chemicals, and environmental […]
